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In the fields of information science, communication, and industrial design, there is debate over the meaning of Interactivity. In the "contingency view" of interactivity, there are three levels: Noninteractive, when a message is not related to previous messages; Reactive, when a message is related only to one immediately previous message; and Interactive, when a message is related to a number of previous messages and to the relationship between them.Sheizaf Rafaeli defined Interactivity as "an expression of the extent that in a given series of communication exchanges, any third (or later) transmission (or message) is related to the degree to which previous exchanges referred to even earlier transmissions. Rafaeli, 1988

Interactivity is similar to the degree of responsiveness, and is examined as a communication process in which each message is related to the previous messages exchanged, and to the relation of those messages to the messages preceding them.

Human to human communication


Human communication is the basic example of interactive communication. Because of that, many conceptualizations of interactivity are based on anthropomorphic definitions. For example, complex systems that detect and react to human behavior are sometimes called interactive. Under this perspective, interaction includes responses to human physical manipulation like movement, body language, and/or changes in psychological states.

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Broadband Bananas - Industry networking group for digital interactive television.
Meta Description: [ BroadbandBananas is an online networking portal for the interactive television industry, The portal features news, discussions, screenshots and downloadable video for digital TV networks around the world., New Video Business Magazine:Multi-Platform Video Delivery, ITV and Emuse Launch Interactive... ]

Business Index - Comprehensive listing of interactive television definitions, businesses, products and services.
Meta Description: [ Huge listing of interactive TV (iTV, ITV, itv, interactive television) businesses, products, services, glossaries, terms, links. Visit us concerning itv platforms, content, advertising, etv, Internet (broadband) tv, multi-camera angles, vod, dvrs etc. ]

BrokenRemote.tv - Portal for interactive TV information.
Meta Description: [ www.brokenremote.tv , ]

CableLabs - Research and development consortium of cable TV companies for North and South America with initiatives for cable modems and digital cable TV.

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Digital Television Group - UK-based industry group of companies devoted to standards for DVB and digital television.
Meta Description: [ The Digital TV Group Promotes digital television in all its forms (terrestrial, satellite and cable) - based in the UK with a world view ]

iTV Standards - iTV production standards initiative to enable content providers to write interactive TV content for all major set-top box and PC platforms.

Media Visions Interactive TV Trade Reports - Articles and essays on interactive TV by Ken Freed.

Television and the Web - W3Cs section on specifications for the emerging technology.

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