John Garfield (March 4, 1913 – May 21, 1952) was an American actor. Garfield was especially adept at playing brooding, rebellious characters and was twice nominated for an Academy Award (see below).
Born Jacob Julius Garfinkle in New York City to Jewish immigrants David and Hannah Garfinkle, he was sent to a school for problem children in the Bronx after the death of his mother when he was seven years old. It was there, under the guidance of the school's principal, noted educator Angelo Patri, that he was introduced to boxing and acting. He won a scholarship to an acting school hosted by Maria Ouspenskaya, and made his Broadway debut in 1932. He became a member of the Group Theater. The Group's play Golden Boy was written for him by Clifford Odets, but he was passed over for the lead role. William Holden later became a star for his version of the title role in the movie. Garfield decided to leave Broadway and try his success in Hollywood. In 1938 he received wide critical acclaim and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in Four Daughters.
During World War II, Garfield and actress Bette Davis were the driving force behind the building of the Hollywood Canteen, a club offering food and entertainment for American servicemen.
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