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Academia is a collective term for the scientific and cultural community engaged in higher education and peer-reviewed research, taken as a whole. The word comes from the akademeia just outside ancient Athens, where the Gymnasium was made famous by Plato as a center of learning. The sacred space had formerly been an olive grove, hence the expression "the groves of Academe". By extension Academia has come to connote the cultural accumulation of knowledge, its development and transmission across generations and its practitioners and transmitters. In the 17th century, English and French religious scholars popularized the term to describe certain types of institutions of higher learning. The English adopted the form academy while the French adopted the forms acadème and académie.

An academic is a person who works as a researcher (and usually teacher) at a university or similar institution in post-secondary (or tertiary) education. He or she is nearly always an advanced degree holder who does peer-reviewed research. In the United States, the term academic is approximately synonymous with that of the job title professor. In the United Kingdom, various titles are used, typically fellow, lecturer, reader and professor (see also academic rank), though the loose term don is often popularly substituted. The term "scholar" is sometimes used with equivalent meaning to that of "academic" and describes in general those who attain mastery in research discipline. It has wider application in its being also used to describe those whose occupation was scientific or pseudo-scientific research prior to mass organised higher education.

Academic administrators are not typically included in this use of the term academic.

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@belledejour_uk responds: Belle de Jour: I wish they'd ask what I think of funding in research and academia.
SilviaMcKenzie (Silvia-McKenzieNavah) Thu, 17 Dec 2009 18:13:08 -0000
@belledejour_uk responds: Belle de Jour: I wish they'd ask what I think of funding in research and academia.
This is kind of neat. See other's research interests and affiliations and actual papers in full text http://www.academia.edu/
bookloveral (Alison Huftalen) Fri, 11 Dec 2009 21:07:20 -0000
This is kind of neat. See other's research interests and affiliations and actual papers in full text http://www.academia.edu/
I'm applying as a research fellow to link UK media and academia http://www.worknets.org/wiki.cgi?KnowledgeExchangeNetwork
minciusodas (minciusodas) Fri, 11 Dec 2009 11:35:24 -0000
I'm applying as a research fellow to link UK media and academia http://www.worknets.org/wiki.cgi?KnowledgeExchangeNetwork

 
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Encyclopedia - Offers a chronological and pictorial history of the medium, biographies of creators and publishers, and a gallery of comic book art.
Meta Description: [ Comic Art & Graffix Gallery, where you can buy original comic art & comic books plus read all about the history of comics, biographies of artists & writers & even read old comics from the 1930's-50's ]

Australian DC Comics Reprint Gallery - Documents Austrailian DC Comic reprints from the 1940s to 1980s by Colour Comics, Planet Comics, Murray Comics, Federal Comics and Australian Edition DC.

Autobiography, Masculinity and Comic Books - A study of auto/biographical comics focuses on different issues surrounding masculinity.

BGSU Popular Culture Library - Founded in 1969 to support innovative teaching and research in cultural studies. It is the largest and most comprehensive research facility in the United States dedicated exclusively to the acquisition and preservation of primary research materials on 19th and 20th century American popular culture.
Meta Description: [ The Browne Popular Culture Library, founded in 1969 and dedicated to the acquisition and preservation of research materials on American popular culture, is the most comprehensive repository of its kind in the United States. ]

BZZURKK! - The Thesaurus of Champions - Thesaurus of comic book onomatopaea. Starting from the sound, this site lists the different words used to express it. By Kevin Taylor.

Camelot In Four Colors - A survey of the Arthurian legend in comic books and strips

Comic Book America Syllabus - A theoretical internet course focusing on comic book superheroes in America; includes required reading and assignments

Comic Book Awards Almanac - The nominees and winners of various awards, including Wizard Fan, Will Eisner, and Jack Kirby Awards.

Comic Colors - Originally designed for colorists, now pencillers and inkers as well can unite and share. Includes a very informative look at the visual aspects of comics.
Meta Description: [ Comic Colors was designed for Colorists to unite and show there work by sharing ideas between each other. Comic Colors evolved to include inkers and pencilers plus a very informative look on comics; Wheither it is how to color, pencil, ink, or how to break into the biz it will be found at Comicc... ]

ComicBase Style Guide - Style guide for the Online Comic Base, but also interesting for anybody writing about comics

Comics 1 - Fine Arts 0 : The Site - This site presents the American scientist Roger Franck Black's notebook, in which he tries to prove that fine art is derived from comics, and not vice versa. A very nice piece by Laurent Bourrouilhou
Meta Description: [ This site demonstrates that Fine Arts, especially classical painting, is in fact a terrible plot aimed at our proud nation's youth. It is also a rehabilitation of the noble Comics community. (there are also good looking babes all over the site) ]

404 Comics Reality - A series of profound articles on the history of the comic book industry in the United States by comics veteran scholar Robert Beerbohm

Comics Research Libraries - The libraries in this list all have some special collecting interest in the area of comics or cartoons.

COMIXSCHL-LIST Home Page - The comics scholars' discussion list, serves as an academic forum for those involved in research, criticism and teaching related to comics art.

Fredric Wertham: Anti-Comics Crusader Who Turned Advocate - A page about the famous American psychiatrist who believed comic books inspired young people to commit crime, and who later became a comic book fan himself.
Meta Description: [ About F. Wertham, American psychiatrist, who in the '50s fighted against comics, because they inspired young people to commit crime. Later he became a comics fan. The article is written by Dwight Decker, the man who made Wertham change his mind. ]

Grand Comic Book Database - Site devoted to indexing every comic book ever made from all over the world. Online searchable database email chat.

Index of syndicated comic strips, 1924-95 - Comprehensive print-based index of all newspaper comic strips syndicated between 1924 and 1995; more than 4300 strips. Also includes list 3700 artists, and the strips they worked on.

Jai2 - The official website for Manga historian and scholar Frederick L. Schodt, with the latest news on all of his projects, and interviews with creators.
Meta Description: [ Jai2.com is the personal website of Frederik L. Schodt. It contains information on his writings, and various other entertaining trivia. ]

Ka-BOOM! - A dictionary of comicbook words on historical principles.

Ka-boom! - A Dictionary of Comicbook Words on Historical Principles - An alphabetical list of all the words that are typical for comic books (onomatopaea, e.a.), with variants and locations. Compiled by Kevin Taylor.

Lambiek Comiclopedia of Artists - Illustrated encyclopedia of over 3400 international comic artists with biographies and artwork examples.
Meta Description: [ Lambiek Comiclopedia of Artists is the illustrated reference to thousands of comic artist biographies, by Lambiek comic shop in Amsterdam ]

Michigan State University Comic Art Collection - A comprehensive index of published comic books, newspaper strips, and scholarly works related to cartooning and comics.

Michigan State University Libraries Comic Art Collection - Alphabetical index to the MSU Comic Art Collection. References to articles, monographies and readers.

More than 100 comics-related words in 8 languages - This page, maintained by Pascal Lefevre, lists terms commonly used when discussing comics in English, French, Dutch, German, Danish, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese.

Myths, Misinterpretations, and Misconceptions: Censorship in Comics - Debates the arguments of Fredric Wertham - the psychiatrist, who believed comic books prompted delinquency in juveniles.

404 Nature Medicine: Biomedical Journals as Hypertext Comic Books - An interesting proposal to use easy-to-remember icons to present easily-forgotten information; this research was inspired by comic books. Graphic intense.

R.C. Harvey - Homepage for R. C. Harvey, author of The Art of the Funnies and The Art of the Comic Book. With information on both books and columns about comics and strips in general.
Meta Description: [ OFFICIAL RC Harvey exclusive comics, cartooning history & reviews!, OFFICIAL RC Harvey exclusive comics, cartooning history & reviews! ]

Sequart.com - The Continuity Pages - A hyperlinked study of comic book titles, families of characters, and creators. Includes many graphics and easy-to-follow links between pages and subjects.
Meta Description: [ A catalogue of comic books and graphic novels, placed in an intelligable narrative order. Assembled by Julian Darius. ]

Stripper's Guide - Stripper's Guide to U.S. Comics Strips and Cartoon Panels is an index of (eventually) every comic strip and panel ever to appear in American newspapers. Available in paper form and as database (subscription only).

Super Hero Encyclopedia: A who's who of comic book characters - Information on comic characters including biographies, histories, and images.

The Big Comic Book DataBase - Searchable database of comic book check lists, creator information and comic book publishers.
Meta Description: [ Welcome to the ultimate online Comic Book Database! Search our resource featuring Comic Book information, Comics Cover Artwork, comic book price guides and Checklist resource. Explore, interact, vote for and review your favorite books! ]

The Comic Book Writer's Guide to Info on the Internet - A writer's reference page, with links to sites covering weaponry, science, and law for the comic book writer's research needs, with additional information on the craft of comic book writing.
Meta Description: [ A page of links helpful to writers of all action/adventure genres with additional information on the craft of comic book writing. ]

The Comic Page - A Guide to the History of Comics - A site devoted to the history and details of the 100+ year American comic book medium.
Meta Description: [ History of comics - comic book history ...dedicated and devoted to the history and details of the 100+ year American comic book medium. . ]

The Comics Archives - Several check lists and reference files on golden and silver age comics published by Marvel and DC.
Meta Description: [ CoreComm, Internet Service Provider offers unlimited Internet access for only $9.95 per month. Now surf up to 6x faster with SpeedStream! Our goal is to provide the industry's best value in Internet access - that means being the ISP with the most features at the lowest price! ]

The Ultimate Disney Books Network - The aim of this site is to guide users in their Disney research by providing them with the most comprehensive list of Disney books resources.

the Wally Wood letters - Correspondence between John Hitchcock and the great comic book artist Wally Wood in the last years of his life. 18 letters, annotated by Hitchcock.
Meta Description: [ Correspondence with the great comic book artist Wally Wood in the last years of his life. ]

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